ggplot2集锦之六绘制各种图形4

本文总结一下基于ggplot2包绘制各种类型的图，本文包括：棒棒糖图、哑铃图。

1. 棒棒糖图

棒棒糖图本质是点图加上柱状图/线段。

data <- diamond[c(1:10),]
data$name <- c("A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J")
data
# A tibble: 10 x 11
   carat cut       color clarity depth table price     x     y     z name 
   <dbl> <ord>     <ord> <ord>   <dbl> <dbl> <int> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
 1  0.61 Good      E     I1       63.4  57.1  1168  5.37  5.43  3.42 A    
 2  0.53 Premium   G     SI2      60.8  58    1173  5.21  5.19  3.16 B    
 3  0.23 Very Good E     VVS2     62.3  55     505  3.9   3.93  2.44 C    
 4  1.33 Ideal     J     VS1      61.3  57    6118  7.11  7.08  4.35 D    
 5  0.3  Ideal     E     VVS1     61.6  56     838  4.3   4.34  2.66 E    
 6  0.3  Ideal     D     VS2      60.8  57     911  4.34  4.31  2.63 F    
 7  2.01 Good      H     I1       63.9  59    7024  8.01  7.92  5.09 G    
 8  1.12 Ideal     H     VS2      61.8  55    6110  6.64  6.7   4.12 H    
 9  1.02 Ideal     G     VVS2     62.1  57    8401  6.43  6.45  4    I    
10  0.74 Ideal     F     VS1      62.3  56    3226  5.76  5.79  3.6  J

绘制散点加线段。

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ggplot(data,aes(x = reorder(name,price),y = price))+
 geom_point()+
 geom_segment(aes(x = name,xend=name,y=0,yend=price))

修改y轴基线更改设定的阈值。

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ggplot(data,aes(x = reorder(name,price),y = price))+
 geom_point()+
 geom_segment(aes(x = name,xend=name,y=2000,yend=price))

美化：

ggplot(data,aes(x = reorder(name,price),y = price))+
 geom_segment(aes(x = reorder(name,price),xend=name,y=2000,yend=price),
 	linewidth=1.5,color="#C9CACA",linetype="solid")+
 geom_point(size=5,color="#74C6BE",fill="#74C6BE",shape=21)

翻转，横向棒棒糖图：

ggplot(data,aes(x = reorder(name,price),y = price))+
 geom_segment(aes(x = reorder(name,price),xend=name,y=2000,yend=price),
 	linewidth=1.5,color="#C9CACA",linetype="solid")+
 geom_point(size=5,color="#74C6BE",fill="#74C6BE",shape=21)+
 coord_flip()

ifelse修改指定感兴趣的点的样式：

ggplot(data,aes(x = reorder(name,price),y = price))+
 geom_segment(aes(x = reorder(name,price),xend=name,y=0,yend=price), 
 	size=ifelse(data$name%in%c("A","I"),3,1.5), 
 	color=ifelse(data$name%in%c("A","I"),"#f6b37f","#C9CACA"))+
 geom_point(size=ifelse(data$name%in%c("A","I"),8,5),
 	color=ifelse(data$name%in%c("A","I"),"#f6b37f","#74C6BE"), 
 	fill=ifelse(data$name%in%c("A","I"),"#f6b37f","#74C6BE"))+
 coord_flip()

如果想要不同的颜色，那么加一个分组变量即可。

2. 哑铃图

哑铃图本质是不同分组的点图加两个点之间的线段。

data
name	group1	group2
A	100	200
B 	129	389

构造数据：

data$price2 <- data$price/2

ggplot(data) +
 geom_segment(aes(x=reorder(name,price), xend=reorder(name,price),y=price,yend=price2),color="grey",linewidth=1.5) +
 geom_point(aes(x=reorder(name,price), y=price),color="#A4B8F7",size=5) +
 geom_point(aes(x=reorder(name,price), y=price2),color="#F484B2",size=5)+
 coord_flip()

参考资料：

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/448849834