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ggplot2集锦之六绘制各种图形3

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本文字数： 248 阅读时长 ≈ 1 分钟

本文总结一下ggplot2包绘制各种类型的图，本文包括：饼状图、环状图、雷达图、山峦图。

1. 饼图

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pie_df <- data.frame(group = c("Male", "Female", "Child"),value = c(25, 25, 50))
pie_df$percent <- paste0(pie_df$value,"%")
pie_df
   group value percent
1   Male    25    25%
2 Female    25    25%
3  Child    50    50%
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ggplot(pie_df, aes(x="", y=value, fill=group))+
 geom_bar(width = 0.5, stat = "identity")+
 coord_polar(theta='y')+
 theme_void()+
 geom_text(aes(y = value/2 + c(0, cumsum(value)[-length(value)]),
                label = paste0(group,": ", percent)), size=5)

alt 图标

2. 环状图

本质是根据y轴进行极坐标转换，因此绘制环状图时，需要一些假数据。

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pie_df <- data.frame(group = c("Male", "Female", "Child","Male", "Female", "Child"),value = c(25,25,50,0,0,0),
					 x=rep(c("T","F"),each=3),percent=c("25%","25%","25%","0","0","0"))
pie_df
   group value x percent
1   Male    25 T     25%
2 Female    25 T     25%
3  Child    50 T     25%
4   Male     0 F       0
5 Female     0 F       0
6  Child     0 F       0

给环状图加标签时，只对真实数据添加label，假数据label设置为空。

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ggplot(pie_df, aes(x=x, y=value, fill=group))+
 geom_bar(width = 0.5, stat = "identity")+
 coord_polar(theta='y')+
 theme_void()+
 geom_text(aes(y = value/2 + c(0, cumsum(value)[-length(value)]),
                label = ifelse(value>0,paste0(group,": ", percent),""), size=5))

alt 图标

3. 雷达图

雷达图用ggplot2的扩展包ggradar包绘制。

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devtools::install_github("ricardo-bion/ggradar", dependencies=TRUE)
library(ggradar)
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set.seed(123)
mydata<-matrix(runif(24,0,1),4,6)
rownames(mydata) <- LETTERS[1:4]
colnames(mydata) <- c("Chinese","Maths","English","Biology","Art","Physics")

mydf <- data.frame(mydata)
Name <- c("ST1","ST2","ST3","ST4")
mydf <- data.frame(Name,mydf,stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
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ggradar(mydf,grid.line.width=0.5,
	background.circle.colour = "white")

但是不知道为什么没有区分颜色，用group.colours也无法修改。
alt 图标

4. 山峦图

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library(ggridges)

head(diamonds)
# A tibble: 6 x 10
  carat cut       color clarity depth table price     x     y     z
  <dbl> <ord>     <ord> <ord>   <dbl> <dbl> <int> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1  0.23 Ideal     E     SI2      61.5    55   326  3.95  3.98  2.43
2  0.21 Premium   E     SI1      59.8    61   326  3.89  3.84  2.31
3  0.23 Good      E     VS1      56.9    65   327  4.05  4.07  2.31
4  0.29 Premium   I     VS2      62.4    58   334  4.2   4.23  2.63
5  0.31 Good      J     SI2      63.3    58   335  4.34  4.35  2.75
6  0.24 Very Good J     VVS2     62.8    57   336  3.94  3.96  2.48
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ggplot(diamonds, aes(x=price, y=cut, fill=cut))+
     geom_density_ridges(scale=4)+
     scale_fill_cyclical(values = c("blue", "green","red","yellow","purple"))+
     theme_ridges(grid = FALSE)

alt 图标

通过scale_fill_cyclical()修改颜色，添加图例，并修改图例标签：

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ggplot(diamonds, aes(x=price, y=cut, fill=cut))+
  geom_density_ridges(scale=4)+
  scale_fill_cyclical(values = c("blue", "green"), guide="legend",
                      labels=c("Fair"="blue", "Good"="green"),
                      name="Fill colors")+
  theme_ridges(grid = FALSE)

修改颜色透明度，以及x轴的范围

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ggplot(diamonds, aes(x=price, y=cut, fill=cut))+
  geom_density_ridges(scale=4,alpha=0.5,from=0,to=15000)+
  scale_fill_cyclical(values = c("blue", "green"), guide="legend",
                      labels=c("Fair"="blue", "Good"="green"),
                      name="Fill colors")+
  theme_ridges(grid = FALSE)

alt 图标